Design and Manufacture Biology and Medical Equipment

A program that needs three to six months just to isolate a stable, high-expressing clone is not behind schedule. One that finds out at the 2,000 L scale that a buffer step cannot be reproduced is. T...

An in vitro transcription reaction is not a purification step, and it never produces a clean product. What leaves the reactor is a mixture of capped and uncapped transcripts, double-stranded RNA by-...

A three-ton extraction line is unloaded on a Tuesday, piping is finished in two weeks, and then the commissioning engineer asks for the qualification package. There is no user requirement specificati...

If you have ever watched a dead-end filter blind within minutes on a protein lysate or a viscous botanical extract, you already understand the problem TFF filtration was engineered to solve. Tangenti...